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Types of Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders can be diagnosed when fear or anxiety are constant, chronic and interfere with daily life. Talk therapy or psychotherapy and medication are effective treatments. First, see your doctor to determine if there are any physical issues that might be causing your symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health specialist will be able to diagnose the type of anxiety disorder that you have. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone experiences anxiety from time to time, and there are a variety of good reasons to worry about things like work responsibility and financial obligations, as well as health. But when the anxieties become constant and take over your life, you may have a more serious anxiety disorder called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD is characterised by feelings of dread and anxiety that can affect a person's entire life. They are prone to believe that everything is worst and believe that minor issues can become major problems. GAD can be affected by anyone. It typically begins in childhood or adolescence but can occur at any time. It is twice as common for women and those who are assigned female at birth as in men. GAD can cause physical problems like headaches and stomachaches. It can cause difficulty to fall asleep. It can also affect social and work activities, causing people to isolate themselves from family or friends and cause a loss of self-esteem. People suffering from chronic and severe GAD are more likely to experience depression However, treatment can help treat both disorders. The specific cause of anxiety disorders is unknown however, they are related to genes and changes in brain structure that affect the way your body reacts to stress. Certain experts believe that an imbalance in neurotransmitters in the brain also plays an important role. While there is no cure for GAD, the condition can be controlled with psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication. Psychotherapy or talk therapy comprises several treatments that help you identify and alter unhealthy thoughts, emotions, and behaviours. Cognitive behavior therapy is a type of talk therapy which can help you control your distorted thoughts and reduce your fear by challenging them. Medicines can ease some of the physical symptoms, such as heart palpitations and dizziness. These include benzodiazepines and antidepressants along with medicines that treat seizures, like hydroxyzine. GAD can be difficult to recognize and is therefore important to seek help if you notice worrying or other signs of the disorder. It is simpler to treat it by seeking assistance early, before physical and emotional symptoms begin to affect your life. Panic disorder This kind of anxiety disorder is defined by frequent episodes of intense terror and fear that can reach their peak in a matter of minutes (panic attacks). People who have this disorder may also experience chest discomfort, shortness of breath or the sensation that their heart is pounding or flaring (“heart palpitations”). They are concerned that the symptoms they are experiencing are symptoms of a heart attack. People suffering from panic disorder could also be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, as well as depression and other health problems such as hyperthyroidism or asthma. The reason behind anxiety disorders isn't known, but researchers believe that they are caused by a combination of factors. Some studies suggest that they may be due to brain circuits that regulate fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that genetics and other life experiences, like trauma or abuse in childhood are the most common causes of anxiety disorders. Many people who have an anxiety disorder have a parent who suffers from the disorder. Anxiety disorders can cause people to feel anxious all the time even when they realize their fears aren't rational. This can cause problems in social situations, work or school. Some people with anxiety disorders also have trouble sleeping or eating well. They might also experience muscle tension, irritability, and difficulty getting their attention. A person suffering from generalized anxious disorder may be worried about a wide range of daily tasks such as work responsibilities and family issues. They're also likely to feel exhausted or restless, have trouble concentrating and frequently worry about the safety of themselves or others. There are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medication, psychotherapy, and complementary health techniques. A mental health professional can help identify which disorder is causing your symptoms and recommend the right treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you understand how to manage your anxiety and reduce the number of panic attacks that you suffer from. There are a variety of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy and exposure reaction preventative. These therapies can be done in groups or individually. Social anxiety disorder Although many people feel shy or nervous in certain situations, a social anxiety disorder causes such intense fear, anxiety and avoidance of social interactions that it interferes with daily life routines. It usually begins in the early years of childhood, but it can be present in the early years of adulthood. It is usually manifested as a fear of certain social situations, like having a conversation in class or going out on date, but it may be more generalized, and include avoidance of any situation that could cause being judged by other people. The person suffering from SAD may realize that their fear is irrational but feel helpless. They attempt to manage their symptoms by avoiding stressful situations, but this increases their anxiety in the long in the long run. They may also develop “safety behaviours” to to lessen their anxiety, like drinking alcohol, staying silent and avoiding eye contact. Some people with SAD might benefit from taking medication in addition to psychotherapy. These antidepressants can help regulate certain neurotransmitters inside the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It's important that you or someone you love receives treatment if they suffer from social anxiety disorder. The condition can be debilitating if left untreated and can cause other mental health problems, such as addiction and depression. If you or someone else who you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts, call 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK (741741) to talk to a crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders can be treated, but only about 1 in 4 people who need care receive it. Treatment is impeded by an absence of awareness of anxiety disorders, a lack of funding for mental health services and stigma. It is also important that your healthcare provider knows the different types anxiety disorders, to ensure you get the right diagnosis and treatment. Your doctor should refer you to an expert in mental health in case you're not sure if you suffer from anxiety disorders or use an online screening tool. Specific fears A person who is afflicted with a particular phobia has a persistent and intense fear of one or more of the following: objects, situations animals or even other people. These fears are usually out of proportion with the danger that the object or circumstance poses, but they can cause distress and hinder daily functioning. Particular phobias differ from other anxiety disorders due to the fact that they are triggered by a single stimulus, not multiple stimuli. The feared situation or object can be anything, from heights to dogs, flying to injections and the crowded spaces. The condition is prevalent throughout the world and occurs more often among women than men and usually begins in childhood or adolescence. Certain phobias aren't unreasonable fears, but the fear remains real. Children with phobias that are specific to them usually get over them. However in the event that the fear persists into adulthood, it can be difficult to treat. Doctors identify the disorder by examining symptoms and how they affect the daily activities. Before determining a phobia, doctors rule out other conditions with similar symptoms such as agoraphobia or social anxiety disorders. In past DSM editions, adults had to acknowledge their irrational fear as part of the diagnosis. However, the 2013 edition says this is no longer required for adults. There are two types of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavior therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses primarily on teaching people better coping mechanisms and changing their response to fear. The treatment is based on exposure, which involves gradual and systematic exposure of the feared object or circumstance. The patient might begin by thinking about the object, or situation. They may then go on to look at pictures of it, stepping into an elevator, holding toys, going to an animal park and viewing real snakes, and finally experiencing a busy lift. This kind of therapy might not eliminate fear, but it can reduce the intensity. Other options for treating certain fears include medications like antidepressants, anti-anxiety psychotherapy, as well as other medications. People with specific phobias who try these therapies frequently report improved outcomes.